The $\mathrm{^{18}O}(p, \alpha)\mathrm{^{15}N}$ reaction plays a crucial role in influencing the abundances of key isotopes such as $\mathrm{^{19}F}$, $\mathrm{^{18}O}$, and $\mathrm{^{15}N}$ in asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. This reaction may offer a potential mechanism to explain the discrepancies between observational data and theoretical model predictions.
A comprehensive...
The existence of the island of stability has been predicted [1]. One of the major topics in nuclear physics is the production of $^{298}\mathrm{Fl}$, which is located at the center of this island.
A previous study [2] predicted that synthesizing a compound nucleus more neutron-rich than $^{298}\mathrm{Fl}$ (e.g. $^{304}\mathrm{Fl}$) may offer an advantage in terms of production probability....
As a complex, large-amplitude deformation quantum many-body system, nuclear fission reflects the competition between single-particle and collective behaviors, leading to the coexistence of multiple fission modes for the same fissioning nucleus. Both past and recent experiments indicate that $^{187}$Ir undergoes predominantly symmetric fission, while several theoretical predictions favored...
We investigate the cluster structure of $^{10}\mathrm{C}$ using a microscopic four-body $\alpha + \alpha + p + p$ cluster model within the Generator Coordinate Method (GCM) framework. The calculated low-lying energy spectrum is in good agreement with the experimental data. Based on the analysis of reduced width amplitudes (RWA) and spectroscopic factors (SF) for the two-body decay channels...
The nuclei, characterized by large $N/Z$ ratios, are often referred to as exotic nuclei and challenge the traditional understanding of nuclear shell structure. The conventional magic numbers, such as $N=$8, 20, 28, etc., tend to diminish or vanish, and new magic numbers emerge in the exotic systems. In this work, we investigated the appearance of new magic numbers at $N=32$ and 34 and their...
Nowadays, searching for $\alpha$ condensation around a core nucleus is an interesting topic. Previous theoretical studies predicted $^{16}$O+2$\alpha$ condensed states. However, there was strong mixing with non-resonant states and it causes the identification of true resonant states non-trivial.
To address this issue, we aim to provide a more robust theoretical verification of the...
Beta decay is one of the fundamental weak interaction processes in nuclear physics that is crucial in shaping our understanding of nuclear structure. It also provides important insights into various astrophysical phenomena like r−process which is responsible for forming about half of the heavy elements in the universe beyond iron [1]. In this talk, I will discuss the beta decay properties...
Exploring the nuclear shell structure of neutron-rich N = 50 nuclei is one of the most interesting and mysterious phenomena in nuclear physics, and it has become the forefront of both experimental and theoretical research in recent years. We have constructed the shell model Hamiltonian in the π(f p)-ν(sdg) model space based on an ab initio approach using VS-IMSRG(3f2) with minimal...
improve the harmonic oscillator model and test its performance for nuclear charge radii and neutron skin thicknesses
Recent $B\rho$-defined isochronous mass spectrometry experiments have determined the masses of proton-rich nuclei such as $^{23}$Si, $^{26}$P, $^{27}$S, and $^{31}$Ar. These results confirm the bound nature of these isotopes and establish the location of the proton dripline for several isotopic chains. Notably, the measured mirror energy differences (MEDs) exhibit clear deviations from mirror...
The Moon provides a unique environment for investigating nearby astrophysical events such as supernovae. Lunar samples retain valuable information from these events, via detectable long-lived "fingerprint" radionuclides such as $^{60}$Fe. We are developing the accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) method for detecting $^{60}$Fe using the HI-13 tandem accelerator at the China Institute of Atomic...
As member of the Tz=-2 family, 28S is a nucleus rather light near the proton drop line, and has high β-delayed proton (βp) branching ratio. Precise β-decay spectroscopy of proton-rich nucleus 28S serves as a powerful tool to study the isospin symmetry breaking, and to test the unitarity of CKM matrix through the superallowed Fermi transition between isobaric analog states. ...
A non-zero electric dipole moment of the neutron (nEDM) would violate the CP symmetry and be related to baryon asymmetry in our universe. The TRIUMF Ultracold Advanced Neutron (TUCAN) collaboration is commissioning a world-leading ultracold neutron (UCN) source for such precise measurements of the nEDM. With such an intensive UCN source, the TUCAN collaboration aims to push the statistical...
High-spin states of $^{67}$Ga have been studied via the $^{58}$Ni($^{12}$C, 3p)$^{67}$Ga fusion-evaporation reaction at a beam energy of 50.4 MeV. Three negative-parity bands and three positive-parity bands in $^{67}$Ga are established. The observation of one new $E3$ transition linking the positive-parity $\pi 1g_{9/2}$ band and negative-parity $\pi 2p_{3/2}$ band provides evidence of octuple...
Constraining the equation of state (EoS) of nuclear matter remains one of the key open questions in both nuclear physics and astrophysics, with significant implications for phenomena such as neutron stars and supernova explosions. One approach is to investigate the differences in proton and neutron density distributions across isotopic chains, which are expected to provide a valuable insight...
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) refers to the nuclear reactions that occurred approximately from 10 seconds to 20 minutes after the birth of the universe. These reactions produced light elements, mainly $^2$H, $^3$He, $^4$He, and $^7$Li. The standard BBN model reproduces the abundances of these elements with high precision, except for $^7$Li. This agreement is regarded as strong evidence that...
The carbon-carbon fusion reaction serves as a crucial reaction for stellar evolution and explosive events, significantly influencing the evolution of massive stars and the explosion of superburst in the Universe. Despite decades of research, there remains considerable uncertainty in the cross section, particularly at stellar energies below E_{C.M.}=3MeV. The extrapolation techniques cannot...
Recent measurements of two-particle correlations within jets in high-multiplicity pp collisions at √s = 13.6 TeV reveal flow-like patterns among jet constituents. Such effects were previously considered unique to heavy-ion collisions, suggesting that a hot, dense QCD medium may form even inside jets in small systems. As this medium hadronizes, substantial final-state hadronic interactions can...
We investigate the implications of neutron star observations for understanding the origin of nucleon mass using a framework that combines three complementary approaches: the parity doublet model for hadronic matter below 2n0, the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model for quark matter above 5n0, and a model-independent analysis of the intermediate density region based on fundamental physical...
Neutron stars exhibit sudden changes of its rotational velocity, known as "pulsar glitches". It has been believed that glitches are mainly caused by superfluid neutron vortices in the inner crust of neutron stars. However, importance of contributions of the outer core has been recently discussed, and further microscopic investigations of quantum vortices and fluxtubes in the outer core of...
When a core-collapse supernova (CCSN) explodes, it emits an enormous number of neutrinos, which carry away approximately 99% of the total energy.
These energetic neutrinos play a crucial role in both the explosion mechanism and nucleosynthesis as they propagate through the CCSN environment.
The propagation of neutrinos can be described by the general relativistic Boltzmann equation, in which...
Nuclear motion in molecules can be monitored in real time by using the combination of two laser pulses, one for initializing the interest dynamics and one for exciting the molecule to emiss the high-frequency photons, which is also known as high-order harmonic generation (HHG). In this work, we study the possibility of using HHG to monitor the movement of hydrogen nucleus in the dissociative...
Recent studies of nuclei near driplines have signifcantly enhanced our understanding of nuclear structure. In those nuclei, the continuum coupling is crucial in reproducing weakly bound and unbound phenomena. To study the observables of the nuclei as open quantum systems self-consistently, we developed valence-space efective operators in the Berggren basis using many-body perturbation...
Entanglement is a unique feature of quantum mechanics that remains relatively unexplored in the context of nuclear physics. In this work, we investigate spin entanglement in elastic proton-proton scattering with unpolarized beams. By analyzing the final spin density matrix from the scattering amplitude, we find two regimes where the outgoing spin state has near-maximal purity: a known...
One of the important correlations in atomic nuclei is pairing, where two nucleons form a pair. The pairing correlation can lead to a phase transition into a superfluid state, analogous to the superconducting state observed in electronic systems. In the superfluid phase, the global U(1) gauge symmetry is spontaneously broken. As a result, a new type of the collective mode emerges: the pair...
Hypernuclear systems and neutron stars offer complementary environments for exploring baryon interactions across a wide range of densities. This report investigates $\Xi^{-}$ hypernuclear structure and the equation of state (EOS) of hyperon-rich matter using relativistic density functional theory. The structure of selected light $\Xi^{-}$ hypernuclei, such as $^{15}_{\Xi^{-}}$C and...
We investigate the evolution of nuclear shell structure in neutron-rich isotopes through the lens of quantum information theory, using quantum entanglement entropy as a diagnostic tool. Employing shell model calculations, we compute both single-orbital and total correlation entropy for oxygen and calcium isotopic chains. Our results identify the emergence of new magic numbers at ( N=14, 16 )...
Charge-exchanging processes such as beta decay, neutrinoless double-beta decay, and Gamow-Teller giant resonances are observed in a wide region of the nuclear chart and play important roles in nuclear physics and related fields. Theoretical descriptions based on nuclear density functional theory (DFT) enable us to calculate all the nuclei in the chart. A standard approach for describing...
Experimental physics often involves detecting weak, time-varying signals embedded in noise-challenges common to both nuclear and biomedical systems. This work explores techniques for extracting and analyzing non-sinusoidal oscillations in noisy, multichannel datasets. Using time-frequency analysis and adaptive denoising methods, we address issues such as amplitude and frequency modulation,...
Pulsed slow-positron beams enable atomic-scale characterisation of surface and near-surface microdefects, furnishing precise data on defect size, concentration and spatial distribution. This study establishes a high brightness, high time resolution pulsed slow positron platform based on a solid-neon moderator that incorporates two distinct pulsing technologies within a common magnetic...
In the RIKEN TRIP-S3CAN experiment, a series of measurements has been initiated to determine interaction and charge-changing cross sections over a wide range of atomic numbers (Z). The particle identification capability for heavy ions plays an important role in this experiment. By applying velocity corrections to the energy loss measured with ionization chambers, the atomic number of each...
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) can detect extremely small amounts of long-lived nuclides ($^{10}$Be, $^{14}$C, $^{36}$Cl, $^{129}$I, etc.) in sample. It is applied for studies of environmental dynamics using seawater or rainwater, cosmic ray event exploration using Antarctic ice core and so on.
We have been developing RI beams using long-lived nuclides provided from the AMS system at the...
Z. Yan1, X. F. Yang1, on behalf of PLASEN collaboration
1School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
The study of exotic structures in unstable nuclei lies at the forefront of nuclear physics [1]. The fundamental properties of these nuclei are intimately related to...
The study of nuclear structure, particularly clustering phenomena in light nuclei such as Carbon-12 (¹²C), is essential for advancing our understanding of nuclear forces and stellar nucleosynthesis. Elastic and inelastic scattering reactions, like ¹²C(p,p)¹²C and ¹²C(α,α)¹²C, are powerful probes for investigating these fundatmental properties. The Active Target Time Projection...
FAZIA (Forward-angle A and Z Identification Array) is a multi-detector array designed to identify charges and masses of the reaction fragments from heavy ion collisions in the Fermi energy domain. One basic unit of FAZIA detector consists of three layers which include two Si sensors with different thicknesses and one CsI scintillator detector read out by a photodiode, forming the FAZIA...
We aim to investigate alpha-clusters in alpha-conjugate nuclei, such as 12C and 16O, using the Active-Target Time Projection Chamber (AT-TPC). Performance test of prototype AT-TPCs were conducted using a 200 MeV/u carbon beam at the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC). The results from this test provide valuable insights for the development and optimization of the Sejong TPC-Drum,...
We present a novel unified approach to describe the dense symmetric nuclear matter by combining the quarkyonic matter framework with the parity doublet model. This integration allows for a consistent treatment of the transition from hadronic to quark degrees of freedom while incorporating chiral symmetry restoration effects. Our model introduces a chiral invariant mass for both baryons and...
Antisymmetrized Molecular Dynamics (AMD) has emerged as a powerful microscopic framework for investigating exotic structures in unstable nuclei, especially those near the drip lines. Unlike traditional mean-field models, AMD treats each nucleon as a Gaussian wave packet, allowing the emergence of deformation, clustering, and halo phenomena from first principles without assuming predefined...
Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs), which operate in Geiger mode, are widely used in high energy physics experiments due to their excellent photon detection capabilities. However, their performance can degrade when exposed to high radiation environments which may significantly impact experimental results.
In this study, we investigate the radiation induced performance degradation of two...
The laser spectroscopy group at the University of Manchester aims to realise a combination of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) with a Multi-Reflection Time-of-Flight Mass-Spectrometer (MR-ToF).
The MR-ToF has in recent decades become a powerful technique for high-precision mass measurement of exotic nuclides at RIB facilities, using multiple reflections of an ion cluster...
The rapid neutron capture (r-) process holds a significant amount of interest as a means for nucleosynthesis of elements in astrophysical environments. From the perspectives of both nuclear physics and astrophysics, ongoing efforts are being carried out to better understand it. Such efforts include the measurements of β-decay and delayed neutron emissions of the r-process elements in...
This study advances the nuclear shell model by systematically investigating effective interactions in the f5pgd5 shell region (mass numbers 40 < A < 100).
Building on existing interactions(JUN45 and jj45pna), we refine central, spin-orbit, and tensor force parameters, incorporating universal monopole corrections to develop the first dedicated effective interaction for the f5pgd5 region....
The report presents an overview on the combination of improved thermoluminescence (TL) dating and nuclear techniques - such as neutron activation analysis (NAA) and isotope ratio analysis - for the study of ancient sites. Applications of these techniques for ancient architectures built by bricks, stones and their challenging issues. Our recent improved thermoluminescence (imTL) technique is...
The 12C(α, γ)16O reaction plays a pivotal role in nuclear astrophysics research. The direct measurement of this reaction remains particularly challenging due to its extremely low cross section (approximately 10-17 barn at 300 keV) within the Gamow window. This study addresses the critical need for irradiation-resistant 12C-enriched targets to enable...
As a proton-emitter located beyond the proton drip line, $^{185}\mathbf{Bi}$ possesses unique properties, such as susceptibility to deformation, continuum effects, etc. A recent experiment confirmed the $1/2^+$ ground state, but left long-lived isomeric state hard to explain. The study of proton emission can promote a large number of exotic phenomena and new physics. The difficulties in...
The Nuclear Equation of State (EoS) provides a fundamental link between nuclear physics and astrophysics, yet its predictive power is limited by our incomplete understanding of the nuclear symmetry energy, $E_\text{sym}(\rho)$. This critical component, which quantifies the energy cost of proton–neutron asymmetry, is well constrained at the saturation density found in stable nuclei, but remains...
With the development of the X-ray source, stimulating nuclear quantum states directly becomes possible experimentally with synchrotrons and XFELs. The collective behaviors of the stimulated nuclear ensemble were studied theoretically in the past decade as a new frontier of nuclear science and quantum science. With specific numerical method and theoretical model, the correlation between...
The long-range near-side ridge phenomenon in two-particle correlation(∆φ-Δη) is one of powerful tools in exploring strong interaction. Although the hydrodynamic model describes this ridge structure in heavy ion collisions, this could not offer the explanation that ridge phenomenon occurs in the small systems such as pp collisions and p-Pb collisions because density and temperature are not...
Accurate velocity determination of stored ions in storage rings plays a key role for nuclear mass measurements using the technique of B$\rho$-defined isochronous mass spectrometry (B$\rho$-IMS). However, the accuracy and precision of the ion's velocity are seriously deteriorated by the non-isochonicity of the time-of-flight (TOF) detectors. In this paper, the non-isochonicity is described by a...
Recent measurements of two-particle correlations within jets in high-multiplicity pp collisions at √s = 13.6 TeV reveal flow-like patterns among jet constituents. Such effects were previously considered unique to heavy-ion collisions, suggesting that a hot, dense QCD medium may form even inside jets in small systems. As this medium hadronizes, substantial final-state hadronic interactions can...
A unit detector of the FAZIA(Forward-angle A and Z Identification Array) telescope consists of three layers with two silicon sensors and a CsI scintillator. The silicon sensors measure the energy loss of charged particles passing through or stopped in the detector. The FAZIA detector can distinguish charges up to Z = 52 and isotopes up to Z = 25 by using ΔE-E correlation and the pulse shape...
Nucleon–nucleon (NN) interactions inside nuclei are expected to be modified by nuclear medium effects. To investigate these effects, we are developing the focal-plane proton polarimeter (2nd-FPP), designed to measure proton polarization via the left–right asymmetry in elastic p–¹²C scattering, with particle tracking provided by multi-wire drift chambers (MWDCs).
A calibration experiment at...
Antisymmetrized Molecular Dynamics (AMD) has emerged as a powerful microscopic framework for investigating exotic structures in unstable nuclei, especially those near the drip lines. Unlike traditional mean-field models, AMD treats each nucleon as a Gaussian wave packet, allowing the emergence of deformation, clustering, and halo phenomena from first principles without assuming predefined...
The beamlines at RIBF of RIKEN use a delay-line parallel plate avalanche counter (DL-PPAC) as a standard heavy-ion detector. On the other hand, we are developing Strip-Readout PPAC (SR-PPAC), which reads out signals for each strip and raise position resolution by taking the weighted average of charge information. SR-PPAC uses the RPA-132 preamplifier discriminator developed by Hayashi Repic...
Two-proton (2𝑝) radioactivity represents a rare decay mode that has been experimentally observed only in a selected few nuclei. The exploration of 2𝑝 emission is crucial for elucidating the structure, mass, and nucleon-nucleon interactions within exotic proton-rich nuclei. 39Ti has long been postulated as a potential candidate for 2𝑝 emission; however, experimental investigations have yet to...
